Wildlife has exposed to various environmental stressors. Reptiles (ectothermic) are highly susceptible
to climatic changes due to their behaviour, physiology, and life history that were so heavily reliant
on the ambient environmental temperature. The present work aims to monitor different biochemical
and haematological indices of Dabb lizards (Uromastyx aegyptia) at various thermal gradients as well
as their adaptation to oxidative stress. This has been reflected through assessment of their impact on
some adaptive physiological traits i.e. thermoregulation, and muscle metabolic biomarkers, blood
pictures and oxidant/antioxidant status. This experiment is carried out on non-hibernating adult male
Dabb lizards (U. aegyptia; n = 24) of age of 18–24 months. These Dabb lizards are divided into four
equal groups (n = 6 for each one) where they are exposed to different thermal treatments for one week
as following; control group [Exposed to terrarium temperature 38–39 °C], low temperature exposed
group [Exposed to 12–14 °C], Gp. C; moderate temperature exposed group [Exposed to 41–43 °C] and
high temperature exposed group [Exposed to 43–45 °C]. Each independent group (n = 6) are kept at
separated glass terraria. The investigated lizards are monitored for body temperature, morphometric
measurements i.e. body weight (g) and total body length (cm; TBL), muscle biochemical analysis,
haematological pictures indices and serum biochemical assays including mainly oxidant/antioxidants
biomarkers throughout the current experiment. The results state that the thermoregulatory behaviour
of Dabb varies with the increase of concentration of muscular metabolic enzymes. In low temperature
exposed group, the increase in red blood corpuscles (RBCs), haemoglobin concentrations (Hb),
white blood cell (WBC), serum antioxidant biomarkers and anaerobic Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
enzyme are associated with a marked reduction in serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides
(TGs), total proteins (TPs), albumin, glucose and electrolytes. In moderate temperature exposed
group, a significant elevation in serum values of TC, TGs, TPs, glucose, urea and uric acids levels are
mentioned. In high temperature exposed Dabb group, a remarkable increase in blood values of RBCs,
Hb, haematocrit value (HCT), WBC, T. chol., TGs, TPs, glucose, urea, uric acids, triiodothyronine (T3)
and thyroxine (T4) levels are also observed. Moreover, significant increases in muscular anaerobic/aerobic metabolic enzymes as well as stimulation of antioxidant defence system have been reported.
Different significant correlations have been stated between variably estimated laboratory indices
in the investigated Dabb lizards under different thermal treatments. The study concludes that the
Dabb lizards have a strong antioxidant defence system and undergo physiological thermoregulatory
adaptive mechanisms, that involve biochemical and metabolic acclimatization as a response to
environmental temperature changes that act as a protective mechanism against oxidative stress as
well as maintained homeostatic responses and normal physiological functions.