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Palynofacies analysis and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Upper Cretaceous sequence drilled by the Salam-60 well, Shushan Basin:Implications on the regional depositional environments and hydrocarbon exploration potential of north-western Egypt

Research Authors
Magdy S. Mahmoud, Amr S. Deaf, Mohamed A. Tamam, Miran M. Khalaf
Research Abstract

A palynofacies analysis was carried out on thirty ditch-cuttings from the Upper Cretaceous sequences drilled by the Salam-60 well in the ShushanBasin, north-western Egypt. Quantitative vertical distributions of palynomorphs and particulate organic matter exhibit two palynofacies (PF) types.PF-1 suggests deposition of the clastic-carbonate section of upper Bahariya and the lowermost “G” Member of Abu Roash in a brackish, proximalinner shelf environment of prevailing reducing (suboxic-anoxic) conditions that witnessed occasional local oxic-dysoxic conditions. A slight shiftfrom a proximal to a distal inner shelf environment that witnessed notable fluctuations resulted in deposition of the mainly carbonate section of theuppermost “G” and “F” to “C” members, during a late Cenomanian-Turonian marine transgression, under the same suboxic-anoxic conditions. Thisrelative sea level rise was mostly connected to the global late Cenomanian marine transgression. PF-2 represents the rest of the carbonate section(“B” and “A” members) of Abu Roash and Khoman formations, which was deposited in middle shelf environments of prominent suboxic-anoxicconditions during a major regional marine transgression that was mostly connected to the global Turonian-Maastrichtian eustatic sea level rise.Nevertheless, minor fluctuations in the local Turonian sea level may have occurred. Regional comparison indicates Bahariya and the “G” Memberof Abu Roash formations have similar marginal to inner shelf depositional settings across most of the northern Western Desert. Except at westernMatruh Basin, where they have a deeper open marine, middle shelf setting. The “F” to “C” members have an outer inner shelf setting in the coastalbasins (Shushan and Matruh basins) and a deeper, inner middle shelf setting at the central basinal area (Abu Gharadig Basin). This interbasinaldifference in their depositional settings is mostly related to the late Cretaceous tectonic differentiation of Abu Gharadig Basin. The “B” and “A”members of Abu Roash and Khoman formations were deposited in central Abu Gharadig and at southern Matruh basins in deeper, outer shelf andupper to middle slope settings in comparison to their suggested inner middle and outer middle shelf settings in Shushan Basin. This was due tothe progressive late Cretaceous tectonic development of Abu Gharadig and Matruh basins. Local pteridophytes on wet lowlands and conifers onelevated hinterlands were growing near Salam-60 under a regional warm and relatively dry palaeoclimate.© 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Research Department
Research Journal
Revue de micropaléontologie
Research Member
Research Publisher
ScienceDirect
Research Rank
1
Research Vol
60
Research Website
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00351598?sdc=1
Research Year
2017
Research Pages
449–467