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ZmGI2 regulates flowering time through multiple flower development pathways in maize

Research Authors
Zhimin Li, Fengran Gao, Yajing Liu, Salah Fatouh Abou-Elwafa, Junlong Qi, Haibo Pan, Xiaomeng Hu, Zhenzhen Ren, Haixia Zeng, Zhixue Liu, Dongling Zhang, Zhangying Xi, Tianxue Liu, Yanhui Chen, Huihui Su, Shuping Xiong, Lixia Ku
Research Abstract

GIGANTEA (GI) encodes a component of the circadian clock core oscillator and has been identified as a regulatory pathway of the circadian rhythm and photoperiodic flowering in model plants. However, the regulatory pathway of GI affecting flowering time is unknown in maize. Here, we identified that the zmgi2 mutant flowered earlier than the wild type under long day (LD) conditions, whereas the difference in flowering time was not apparent under short day (SD) conditions. The 24 h optimal expression of the gene in the stem apex meristems (SAM) appeared at 9 h after dawn under LD conditions and at 11 h after dawn under SD conditions. DAP-Seq and RNA-Seq further revealed that ZmGI2 delays flowering by directly binding to the upstream regions of ZmVOZsZmZCN8 and ZmFPF1 to repress the expression of these genes and by directly binding to the upstream regions of ZmARR11ZmDOF and ZmUBC11 to promote the expression of these genes. The genetic and biochemical evidence suggests a model for the potential role of ZmGI2 in regulating the flowering time-dependent photoperiodic pathway. This study provides novel insights into the function of ZmGIs in maize and further demonstrates their potential importance for floral transition. These results contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of GI transcription factors in regulating flowering time in maiz

Research Date
Research Department
Research Publisher
Elsevier
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
332
Research Website
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168945223001188
Research Year
2023